RANCANG BANGUN PENGENDALIAN LAJU ALIRAN PADA SISTEM PERPIPAAN DENGAN METODE TUNING ZIEGLER NICHOLS BERBASIS ESP32
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53026/prosidingsntem.v5i1.706Keywords:
Pengendalian Flow, PID Controller, ESP32Abstract
Pengendalian laju aliran fluida dalam sistem perpipaan diperlukan untuk menjaga stabilitas dan efisiensi proses industri. Penelitian ini merancang sistem pengendalian aliran berbasis ESP32 yang terintegrasi dengan sensor aliran YF-S201, motor servo MG996R sebagai aktuator katup, serta web server untuk pemantauan dan penyesuaian setpoint secara real-time. Metode tuning Ziegler–Nichols digunakan untuk menentukan parameter kontroler PI (Kp = 2,7; Ti = 3,3) dan PID (Kp = 3,6; Ti = 2; Td = 0,5. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kontroler PI memiliki performa paling stabil, ditandai dengan rise time 5 detik, settling time 5 detik, serta kemampuan memulihkan aliran tanpa osilasi meskipun terdapat gangguan. Sebaliknya, kontroler PID menunjukkan respons yang tidak stabil dan menghasilkan osilasi berkelanjutan akibat sensitivitas komponen derivatif terhadap noise sensor. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa kontroler PI lebih sesuai digunakan pada sistem perpipaan berbasis servo yang memiliki karakteristik nonlinier dan tingkat noise pengukuran yang tinggi.
References
S. N. Patrialova, D. H. Wardhana, L. P. Rahayu, and T. Agasta, “The Characteristic of Variable Frequency Drive for Water Flow Control in the SFC Plant,” IPTEK The Journal of Engineering, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 6–10, 2021.
C. A. De Sousa and O. J. Romero, “Influence of oil leakage in the pressure and flow rate behaviors in pipeline,” Latin American Journal of Energy Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 17–29, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.21712/lajer.2017.v4.n1.p17-29.
G. Yong, “Research on AI-Based Oil and Gas Pipeline Leak Detection and Localization Technology,” in 2023 International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Communication & Convergence (ICI3C), IEEE, Dec. 2023, pp. 418–423. doi: 10.1109/ICI3C60830.2023.00085.
R. F. Rahmat, I. S. Satria, B. Siregar, and R. Budiarto, “Water Pipeline Monitoring and Leak Detection using Flow Liquid Meter Sensor,” IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng, vol. 190, p. 012036, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/190/1/012036.
C. M. Biegel, L. S. Lee, J. G. Graveel, and J. J. Vorst, “The Midwest Oil Pipeline Leak: A Decision Case Study,” Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 122–128, Jan. 1998, doi: 10.2134/jnrlse.1998.0122.
A. Weissenbrunner, A. Fiebach, S. Schmelter, M. Bär, P. U. Thamsen, and T. Lederer, “Simulation-based determination of systematic errors of flow meters due to uncertain inflow conditions,” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, vol. 52, pp. 25–39, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2016.07.011.
S. Yin, X. Ji, X. Lu, and Q. Zhang, “Simulation study of steam flow behavior and piping mechanical response analysis in safety valve discharge pipes with fluid-structure interaction,” International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 308–318, Sep. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.jandt.2025.07.006.
Y. Kh. Yaseen, A. H. Mhmood, M. R. Subhi, A. B. Rakan, and H. A. Mohammed, “Advanced Flowrate Control of Petroleum Products in Transportation: An Optimized Modified Model Reference PID Approach,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 591–599, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.18196/jrc.v4i5.19177.
R. A. Hidayat and D. Figana, “Feed Pump Flow Rate Adjustment in Depth Filtration Process with PID Control,” in Seminar Nasional Teknik Elektro (SNTE), Jakarta: Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, 2024, pp. 93–99.
S. Razvarz, C. Vargas-Jarillo, R. Jafari, and A. Gegov, “Flow Control of Fluid in Pipelines Using PID Controller,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 25673–25680, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2897992.
Z. Li, “Review of PID control design and tuning methods,” J Phys Conf Ser, vol. 2649, no. 1, p. 012009, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2649/1/012009.
J. G. Ziegler and N. B. Nichols, “Optimum Settings for Automatic Controllers,” J Fluids Eng, vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 759–765, Nov. 1942, doi: 10.1115/1.4019264.
G.-B. So, “Design of Linear PID Controller for Pure Integrating Systems with Time Delay Using Direct Synthesis Method,” Processes, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 831, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.3390/pr10050831.
N. Hambali, A. Masngut, A. A. Ishak, and Z. Janin, “Process controllability for flow control system using Ziegler-Nichols (ZN), Cohen-Coon (CC) and Chien-Hrones-Reswick (CHR) tuning methods,” in 2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Instrumentation, Measurement and Applications (ICSIMA), IEEE, Nov. 2014, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICSIMA.2014.7047432.
E. B. Priyanka, C. Maheswari, and S. Thangavel, “Online Monitoring and Control of Flow rate in Oil Pipelines Transportation System by using PLC based Fuzzy‐PID Controller,” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, vol. 62, pp. 144–151, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2018.02.010.
K. Ujjwal, M. Sreejeth, and A. Anupama, “Performance Optimization of PID Controllers in Flow-Rate Control Systems Using Hybrid Algorithm Model (Genetic Algorithm - Grey Wolf Optimizer),” in 2025 7th International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment (ICEPE), IEEE, May 2025, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICEPE65965.2025.11139785.
B. Dwi Argo, Y. Hendrawan, D. Firmanda Al Riza, and A. N. Jaya Laksono, “Optimization of PID Controller Parameters on Flow Rate Control System Using Multiple Effect Evaporator Particle Swarm Optimization,” Int J Adv Sci Eng Inf Technol, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 62, Apr. 2015, doi: 10.18517/ijaseit.5.2.491.
P. H. Suharti, H. M. Kristiana, and R. N. Amalia, “Design of flow control system based on PLC armfield pressure control module in chemical engineering laboratory,” IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng, vol. 1073, no. 1, p. 012053, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1073/1/012053.
E. B. Priyanka, K. Krishnamurthy, and C. Maheswari, “Remote monitoring and control of pressure and flow in oil pipelines transport system using PLC based controller,” in 2016 Online International Conference on Green Engineering and Technologies (IC-GET), IEEE, Nov. 2016, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/GET.2016.7916754.
S. Włodarczak et al., “Flow Rate Control by Means of Flow Meter and PLC Controller,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 18, p. 6153, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.3390/s21186153.
A. Majid and J. Jamaaluddin, “Water Outlet Control Using ESP32 Based Water Flow Sensor,” Feb. 24, 2023. doi: 10.21070/ups.421.
S. Handaja, A. K. Dewi, and R. H. Triyanto, “Wireless Volume Corrector for Natural Gas Flow Metering Using ESP32 Microcontroller and Open-Source Web Server,” JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 1303, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.62527/joiv.8.3.2160.
N. S. Nise, Control System Engineering, 8th ed. Wiley, 2019.
Downloads
Published
Conference Proceedings Volume
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Energi dan Mineral
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
