PERBANDINGAN METODE PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGANAN SILICA SCALING DI BERBAGAI LAPANGAN GEOTHERMAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53026/prosidingsntem.v5i1.760Keywords:
Silica scaling, modifikasi pH, inhibitor kimia, True Fluidics Oscillator, sintesis silika mesoporiAbstract
Silica scaling menjadi hambatan kritis dalam operasi pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi (PLTP) karena mengendapkan silika amorf yang menurunkan efisiensi hingga 40% dan meningkatkan biaya perawatan. Penelitian ini membandingkan metode pencegahan dan penanganan silica scaling berdasarkan tinjauan 10 jurnal open access (2021–2025) dan studi kasus dari lapangan geothermal dunia. Modifikasi pH menggunakan H₂SO₄ terbukti menurunkan Silica Saturation Index (SSI) hingga <1 dengan efektivitas 80-90% di Olkaria dan Dieng, sedangkan inhibitor phosphonic acid cocok untuk brine dengan kandungan garam tinggi seperti Salton Sea. Teknologi True Fluidics Oscillator (TFO) meningkatkan laju alir hingga 90% tanpa merusak peralatan. Model prediktif probabilistik membantu strategi pencegahan dengan akurasi 85% di lapangan saline ekstrem seperti Assal. Sintesis silika mesopori di Onuma menghasilkan produk bernilai tinggi (luas permukaan >800 m²/g) sambil mencegah scaling. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pendekatan hybrid yang menggabungkan modifikasi pH, inhibitor, TFO, dan model prediktif memberikan solusi yang seimbang antara efektivitas dan biaya untuk berbagai kondisi lapangan, dengan total biaya kepemilikan 21.6% lebih rendah dibanding pendekatan reaktif dalam siklus 10 tahun. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan strategi spesifik berdasarkan karakteristik brine untuk keberlanjutan operasi geothermal.
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